8 Essential Strategies to Prevent Heatstroke at Hajj
The region’s unpredictable weather poses a risk to the health and safety of the pilgrims, with the elderly being particularly vulnerable. The escalating global temperatures have led to an increase in the frequency and intensity of heatwaves in the region each year.
During the previous year’s Hajj, Mecca experienced temperatures ranging from 43 to 45 degrees Celsius. This extreme heat had a significant impact on the health of the pilgrims, especially the elderly, who are prone to heat-related issues such as heatstroke and dehydration.
Ayman bin Salem Ghulam, the CEO of the Saudi National Center for Meteorology, recently informed a press conference in Mecca that the holy sites’ maximum temperatures are anticipated to reach between 45 and 48 degrees Celsius during the afternoon hours.
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It’s worth noting that many elderly pilgrims have pre-existing medical conditions that can be exacerbated by the heat, making them more susceptible to health complications.
There are, however, strategies that can help prevent heatstroke.
Clothing
Pilgrims are advised to opt for light-colored, preferably white, cotton clothes throughout the Hajj journey. They should avoid wearing white plastic clothes, as they do not facilitate air exchange between the body and the environment.
Hydration
Maintaining hydration is essential, especially considering the climatic conditions in Mecca, where water loss through sweat can occur unnoticed.
The required water intake may differ depending on one's physical condition, the extent of physical activity, age, and gender. Monitoring urine color serves as a practical indicator of hydration levels; clear urine suggests adequate hydration, while yellow urine signals a need for increased water consumption.
Sun Protection
It’s recommended for both men and women to use sunscreen creams, except for a few days when there are religious restrictions. Sunglasses should be worn by all.
Men are advised to wear brimmed hats, preferably white, to cover the face and the back of the neck to prevent sunburn.
Women might consider wearing a hat of a bright color and using umbrellas to avoid heatstroke and sunburn.
Timing of Activities
Minimizing travel and the performance of rituals such as circumambulation and pilgrimages during daylight hours is beneficial.
Conducting these activities post-sunset can help reduce the likelihood of heatstroke.
Avoid Sun Exposure
Pilgrims are advised to try to avoid extensive exposure to the sun, especially between 10 a.m. to 3 p.m.
Shaded Areas
Maximizing time spent in air-cooled or air-conditioned environments and seeking shade can be beneficial.
Umbrellas
Employing umbrellas in light hues offers additional solar defense.
Rest
Adequate sleep and rest are important, and it is wise to approach the rituals of Hajj at a measured pace to prevent exhaustion.
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Meanwhile, Saudi authorities have announced the implementation of measures to mitigate the soaring temperatures, such as extending shaded areas, supplying drinking water, and installing air conditioning systems on the holy sites.
Compiled by Mohammad Ali Haqshenas
