Peter Chlkowski; Daga Ilimin Iran zuwa Inganta fahimtar Musulunci a Duniya
Peter J. Chlkowski wani Ba’amurke ɗan asalin ƙasar Poland masanin ilimin Iran wanda farfesa ne a fannin nazarin Gabas ta Tsakiya, Orientalism, da Islamology a Sashen Nazarin Musulunci da Gabas ta Tsakiya a Jami’ar New York. Ana yi masa kallon daya daga cikin mashahuran malaman Ta'aziyya wadanda ba Iraniyawa ba, kuma ya yi rubuce-rubuce masu yawa da gudunmawa kan ayyukan mazhabar Shi'a.
An haifi Chlkowski a shekara ta 1933 a birnin Lublin na kasar Poland, kuma a shekarar 1968 ya sami digirin digirgir daga jami'ar Tehran tare da wani kasida mai taken "Tarihi da Adabin Ta'aziyyah". Gudanar da taro na farko kan Ta'ziyyah a Iran a shekarar 1976 a jami'ar Shiraz da buga kasidunsa a cikin littafin "Ta'ziyyah; Ritual and Drama in Iran", kokarin gabatar da Ta'ziyyah a fagen duniya da bincike kan zaman makoki na Muharram na 'yan Shi'ar "Trinidad da Tobago" da ake kira "Husay" na daga cikin muhimman ayyukan Cheovsky. Har ila yau, littafin "Mirror of the Unseen World: Legends of the Khamseh of Nizami Ganjavi" yana cikin sauran ayyukansa na al'adu da adabi na Iran.
Wannan marubucin Musulunci ya shafe rayuwarsa a cikin azuzuwa, dakunan karatu, a dandalin wasan kwaikwayo da talabijin yana magana da kyawawan abubuwa da zurfafan duniyar Musulunci, kuma manufarsa abu daya ne kawai, shi ne inganta fahimtar al'umma kan Musulunci da kuma gyara kuskuren kasashen yammacin duniya game da shi, a matsayinsa na addini da kuma al'adu mai zurfi da yawa.
An haife shi kuma ya girma a Poland a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu a cikin dangin Katolika, ya karanta Orientalism a Jami'ar Jagiellonian da ke Poland kuma ya yi aiki a Makarantar wasan kwaikwayo ta Kraków. Daga nan ya tafi Landan don ci gaba da karatunsa a Makarantar Nazarin Gabas ta Tsakiya (SOAS) a matsayin dalibin Bernard Lewis. Daga nan sai ya koma Iran kuma a shekarar 1968 ya sami digirin digirgir a fannin yare da adabi na Farisa daga jami'ar Tehran, wanda shi ne dan sanda na farko da ya samu digirin digirgir a wannan fanni.
A Iran, ya yi aiki da kungiyar agaji ta CARE Mission, kuma a matsayinsa na aikinsa, ya yi tafiyar fiye da kilomita dubu saba'in a kasar, inda ya taimaka wajen gina makarantu da wuraren wanka na jama'a a kauyuka daban-daban. A cikin wadannan tafiye-tafiye ne ya fara sha’awar Ta’ziyya, aikin ibadar Shi’a; sha'awar da daga baya ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tantance tafarkinsa na sana'a kuma ta zama madogaran alakarsa da wasannin kwaikwayo da al'adun Musulunci.
A 1968, ya shiga Jami'ar New York a matsayin mai bincike a tarihin al'adu, inda ya koyar da shekaru 50. Ya kasance daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa Cibiyar Hakob Korkian don Nazarin Gabas ta Tsakiya, wanda ya yi shekaru da yawa a matsayin shugabanta da darakta, kuma yana hada kai da manyan malamai kamar Richard Ettinghausen, Anne-Marie Schimmel, Hamid Dabashi, da Ehsan Yarshater.
Farfesa Chelekovsky, tare da sha'awa, balaga, da kuma ɗan adam kuma bayyanannen tsari, ya gabatar da masu sauraron Amirkawa ga batutuwan da suka saba wa mutane da yawa kuma ba a taɓa jin su ba. Saboda wannan dalili, da kuma sanin ayyukansa, ya sami lambar yabo ta Golden Dozen na Jami'ar New York don Fitaccen Farfesa, ba sau ɗaya ba sau biyu.
Ya rubuta kuma ya gyara littattafai goma sha biyu da ɗaruruwan labarai. Labarinsa sun fito a cikin wallafe-wallafen da suka fara daga Encyclopedia Iranica zuwa Binciken Drama. Batutuwan ayyukansa sau da yawa sun bambanta sosai. A cikin 1975, ya rubuta littafi akan Sufism, Mirror of the Invisible World: Stories from the Military Pentacle, buga ta Metropolitan Museum of Art a New York. Littafin ya sami lambar yabo ta farko daga Ƙungiyar Mawallafin Jami'ar Amirka. A shekarar 1999, ya hada littafi kan al’amuran al’adu tare da Hamid Dabashi.
Darussan Farfesa Tchelkovsky ba su iyakance ga ajinsa ba; ya dauki nauyin sassan 46 na shirin talabijin na CBS Sunrise Semester. Ya shahara sosai har an nuna hotonsa a bangon Jagoran TV tare da taken, "Peter Tchelkovsky! Ina son ku!"
A cikin 1990s, ya haɗa kai da Cibiyar Smithsonian, babbar cibiyar bincike ta al'adun gargajiya a Amurka, don yin wani shiri game da Ta'ziyya a cikin Caribbean, mai suna "Hussi a Trinidad."
